Reaffirmed Frequently asked questions. Gynecologic problems FAQ American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, Sobel JD.
Bacterial vaginosis: Treatment. Accessed May 24, Bacterial vaginosis. Flagyl prescribing information. Pfizer; Cleocin prescribing information.
Tindamax prescribing information. In the reproductive years, there may be as many as 10 million of these bacteria in every gram of vaginal fluid at certain points in the menstrual cycle 2. Lactobacilli come in many species, and are also found in your digestive and urinary systems as well as in yogurt, which is why you may recognize the word. These and other bacteria produce hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid as productsof their digestion, which help to maintain the low pH of a healthy vagina ie.
The digestion processes of the new bacterial community create different byproducts and environmental changes, which can lead to symptoms from a fishy or unpleasant odor to itching, discomfort and inflammation 6. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of abnormal discharge and odor in people who seek care. In many cases, the most significant impacts of symptomatic BV are emotional and social.
This is especially true for people whose BV is recurrent having it multiple times, despite treatment. Recurrent symptoms, without an understanding of the reason, can be frustrating and make someone feel out of control. BV happens when the normal balance of bacteria is replaced by high numbers of anaerobic bacteria. In the US, BV is the most common cause of abnormal discharge and odor in people who seek care. The prevalence of BV varies widely amongst demographics, and is tied to sociodemographic characteristics including race, ethnicity, education and income 9, The exact causes of bacterial vaginosis are still unclear.
Vaginal homeostasis can be disrupted by both internal factors ex. Prolonged or irregular uterine bleeding may also be a contributor. People who have prolonged bleeding as a side effect of a new IUD, for example, may be more likely to have BV, but more research is needed Recurrent BV may pop up around the time of menstruation for the same reason Sexual activity is also associated with a higher risk of BV.
Specific risk factors may include new or multiple sex partners, a lack of condom use, vaginal intercourse and receiving anal sex before vaginal intercourse without a new protective barrier 13— But if you have symptoms of BV you should be checked and treated.
It is important that you take all of the medicine prescribed to you, even if your symptoms go away. A health care provider can treat BV with antibiotics, but BV may return even after treatment. Treatment may also reduce the risk for some STDs.
Male sex partners of women diagnosed with BV generally do not need to be treated. BV may be transferred between female sex partners. Box Rockville, MD E-mail: npin-info cdc. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, Hillier S and Holmes K. Bacterial vaginosis. In: K. Holmes, P. Sparling, P. Mardh et al eds. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 3rd Edition.
New York: McGraw-Hill, ,
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